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Natural 1♦

  • MIN (11–13): 4+♦, but 2+♦ by passed hand
  • MAX (13–15): unbalanced 4+♦
1♦-11–15, 4+♦
1♥♠F, 4+#, usually 8+
1NTNF, 8–10
2♣♦INV+, 4+#
2♥♠PRE, 0–7, 6+#
2NTBAL FG, 13–15 or 19+, 2–3♠, 2–3♥, 3–4♦, 3–4♣
3♣!CONST, 8–10, 5+♦
3♦PRE, 0–7, 5+♦
3♥♠!SPL, 0–1#, 4+♦
3NTBAL S/T, 16–18, 2–3♠, 2–3♥, 3–4♦, 3–4♣

By passed hand, 1♦ contains a weak notrump.

P-1♦-11–15, 2+♦
2♥!CONST P/C, 4–5♥, 5=♠
2♠!PRE, 6+♣. BAL INV.
2NT!PRE, 6+♦
3♣♦INV, 6+#