Keyboard shortcuts

Press ← or → to navigate between chapters

Press S or / to search in the book

Press ? to show this help

Press Esc to hide this help

Openings
1♣11–20, 2+♣
1♦11–20, 4+♦
1♥♠11–20, 5+#
1NT15–17, 2–5♠, 2–5♥, 2–6♦, 2–6♣

Choice between minor suits

  • By default, open the longer minor, or 1♦ with equal length.
  • Open 1♦ with 11–14, 4+♦, 5=♣.
  • Open 1♣ with 18–20, balanced 4=♦.

The notrump ladder

  • 12–14: 1♣ - 1♦♥ - 1♥♠
  • 15–17: 1NT
  • 18–20: 1♣ - 1♦♥ - 1NT